§405

Section 405 — Computation of advance tax

Income-tax Act, 2025 (amended upto 2026)

In plain terms: This section gives the formula for advance tax: A = B − C, where B is the income-tax on your estimated income at the rates in force for the financial year, and C is the tax that will be deducted or collected at source on income already counted in that estimate. The result is the advance tax payable, whether you pay it on your own (section 406) or on an Assessing Officer's order (section 407).

(1) The amount of advance tax payable by an assessee under section 404, on his own accord under section 406, or in pursuance of an order of an Assessing Officer under section 407, in the Financial year shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), be computed as under--

A = B-C

where,--

A = the amount of advance tax payable in a Financial year;

B = income-tax on the specified sum calculated at the rates in force in the Financial year, where "specified sum" shall have the meaning assigned to it in section 406 or 407;

C = amount of income-tax which would be deductible or collectible at source during the said Financial year under any provision of this Act from any income subject to the following:--

(a) such income is computed before allowing any deduction admissible under this Act and has been taken into account in computing the specified sum; and

(b) (i) the person responsible for deducting tax has paid or credited such income after deduction of tax; or

(ii) the person responsible for collecting tax has received or debited such income after collection of tax.

(2) In the case of any class of assessees, where the Finance Act of the relevant year provides that, net agricultural income shall be taken into account for the purposes of computing advance tax, then,--

(a) for the purposes of order as mentioned in section 407(1) and (4), the net agricultural income shall be the amount that has been taken into account for the purposes of charging income-tax on the specified sum as mentioned in sub-sections (3) and (6) of the said section; or

(b) in any other situation, the net agricultural income as estimated by the assessee for the tax year.